National anthem of Croatia Croatia is expected to become the EU’s 28th member state on 1 July 2013. Croatia has completed its membership talks with the European Union, with the closing today of negotiations in the last four policy areas. The country is now on track to join the Union as its 28th member in two years’ time, with a target date of 1 July 2013 now officially endorsed by the EU’s member states. The completion of the talks came at the last-possible moment under Hungary‘s term in the rotating presidency of the EU’s Council of Ministers. Poland will take over the presidency tomorrow (1 July). Gordan Jandroković, Croatia’s foreign minister, was in Brussels for the closing stage of the negotiations, which began in October 2005. János Martonyi, Hungary’s foreign minister, represented the EU, along with Štefan Füle, the European commissioner for enlargement. The four ‘chapters’ closed today are on: competition policy; judiciary and fundamental rights; finance and budgetary provisions; and a chapter on all other issues. Both Jandroković and Martonyi described these as the trickiest issues addressed during nearly six years of talks. Jandroković hailed the completion of the talks as a “historic day” that would set in motion “irreversible” improvements in Croatia’s public life. That sentiment was echoed by Martonyi, who said that the conclusion of negotiations, made in the dying hours of Hungary’s presidency, was “a very, very personal pleasure”. EU leaders at a summit in Brussels last week (23-24) had given the green light for the completion of Croatia’s membership talks. The country’s accession treaty is now being prepared and is expected to be signed by the end of the year, after which it requires ratification by all 27 member states. Croatia is set to hold a referendum on joining the EU within one month of the accession treaty being signed. Croatian voters are also due vote in parliamentary elections in November. Štefan Füle, the European commissioner for enlargement, acknowledged that the “enlargement calendar” and Croatia’s “political calendar” are now “rather close”, but that “everything will be done to avoid any eventual clash of these calendars”. He dismissed as “absolute nonsense” the possibility of the EU “putting [its] nose into the political calendar of Croatia”. All three officials emphasised their hope that Croatia’s accession will encourage the country’s neighbours in the western Balkans in their bids for membership of the Union. Füle described Croatia’s accession as evidence that “enlargement fatigue [within the EU] is indeed a myth”, adding that the 138 benchmarks that Croatia had had to satisfy had represented “138 possibilities for any member state to veto” Croatia’s bid. Croatia’s progress will be monitored throughout the pre-accession process, leaving open the possibility that member states could postpone Croatia’s scheduled accession date. Füle said that in the first half of its membership, Croatia could expect to receive €700 million in funding from the EU. That figure “will increase significantly from 2014 with the phasing in of EU policy”. The European Commission yesterday (29 June) presented its proposals for the EU’s long-term budget. These will come into force on 1 January 2014, six months after Croatia enters the EU. http://www.europeanvoice.com
De Lisboa a Nueva York: La UE en la Asamblea General de la ONU
Open publication El Tratado de Lisboa introduce importantes cambios en la representación exterior de la Unión. La UE se encuentra en proceso de implementar el Tratado en foros multilaterales y ha ganado puntos con la resolución 65/276 que permite a los representantes de la UE tomar la palabra en la Asamblea General de la ONU. La prueba será, el qué dirán cuando tomen la palabra, y con qué grado de cohesión de la UE podrán contar. Giovanni Grevi Reforma de la gobernanza global. Multilateralismo. Política europea de seguridad y defensa. Reforma institucional de la UE. FRIDE. A European Think Tank For Global Action
Tribunales Internacionales
The International Criminal Court in The Hague Un Tribunal o Corte Internacional es toda aquella institución jurisdiccional creada por tratados multilaterales entre Estados, o mediante acuerdos o resoluciones de organizaciones internacionales o regionales, que tiene competencia para resolver conflictos jurídicos entre partes. 1. Permanent international courts Global International Court of Justice International Criminal Court Permanent Court of Arbitration Permanent Court of International Justice World Trade Organization Dispute Settlement Body International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea Africa African Court of Justice African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights Court of Justice of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa Court of Justice of the Economic Community of Central African States Court of Justice of the Economic Community of West African States East African Court of Justice Southern African Development Community Tribunal America Caribbean Court of Justice Central American Court of Justice Common Court of Justice of Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba Court of Justice of the Andean Community Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court Inter-American Court of Human Rights Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States Benelux Court of Justice Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States European Court of Auditors European Court of Human Rights European Court of Justice European Commission of Human Rights European Free Trade Association Court European Nuclear Energy Tribunal European Union Civil Service Tribunal Human Rights Chamber for Bosnia and Herzegovina 2. Ad hoc arbitration tribunals Beagle Channel Court of Arbitration Iran-United States Claims Tribunal 3. Ad hoc criminal tribunals International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg) International Military Tribunal for the Far East International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda Special Panels of the Dili District Court Special Court for Sierra Leone Cambodia Tribunal Special Tribunal for Lebanon Jurisprudencia de los principales Tribunales Internacionales World Courts